From Sputnik to Sports Channels - The History of Satellite TV

The first satellite TV broadcast set out tosales to people. They tried scrambling the
capture something more ambitious than the latestinformation. That meant people had to buy the
sports channels: try outer space.descrambler to view the signals. But, it still worked
In 1957, the Sputnik, the Soviet Union's firstout for the coach potato: hundreds of channels
artificial satellite, sent back the first images ofavailable, and no risk of being stuck at home with
outer space, beating the United States by onenothing but reruns. (Unless you're into reruns, in
year (they later sent out a small scientific satellitewhich case there are entire channels dedicated to
called Explorer I).them).
Though the broadcasts were pretty much longBy the 1990's companies began launching their
hours of very large and funky looking rocksown satellites and getting into the satellite TV
(adding a whole new dimension to the mediamarket. For example you had Primestar, then
industry phrase, "dead air") the competitionDirect TV and finally Dish Network. It was a more
between the Soviet Union and the United Statescompetitive market. Also good for the consumer:
pretty much ushered in the beginning of satellitecompetition meant the race to provide better
communication. By 1973, Canada's satellite Anik Ishows, and more channels.
became the world's first satellite televisionToday, the technology of Satellite TV has gotten
network--which showed far more entertainingvery, very cool: clear signals, more reliable
images of "stars" instead of, well, stars.transmission, and several providers that guarantee
Thus, the coach potatoes of this world beganthat there's always something good to watch.
their wonderful love affair with TV satelliteWith TiVo you can even record shows and watch
networks. HBO began broadcasting their signals tothem when you're ready--or, if that doesn't work
cable companies, who "sold" you access to thefor you, you can plug in the VCR or the
channel. The problem of this, of course, was thatrewritable DVD, and tape it for another time.
for every channel you asked for, you had to paySo maybe we haven't conquered outer space
a little extra. Not good news for the rabid channelyet. The Space Race has slowed down, and
surfers who want to have their 100+ channelsdreams of colonizing Mars have become largely
available. And it got pretty frustrating for thoselimited to cheesy movies and science fiction
who heard about a new movie or sports eventshows. But the technology has now made it
being shown, only to discover that the signal waspossible to rule the world with your remote
blocked and available only to "premiumcontrol. Now sit back. Open those potato chips.
subscribers".Put your feet up, and enjoy. It may be several
Later on, companies started selling actual satellitedecades before we understand the secrets of
dishes. Essentially, you paid for the equipment butthe universe, but you can always watch a movie
got free satellite TV. That wasn't good news forwhile you wait.
the cable company, who were losing subscription