Satellite TV System

A communications satellite is an artificial satelliteis a device that transforms or encodes the
stationed in space for the purposes ofmessage into a physical phenomenon known as
telecommunications. Satellite systems deliver datathe signal. The transmission medium, by its
from a satellite to a consumer. Telecommunicationphysical nature, is likely to modify or degrade the
using satellite systems find applications in radio,signal on its path from the transmitter to the
telegraphy, television, telephone, datareceiver. The receiver has a decoding mechanism
communication and computer networking.capable of recovering the message within certain
The first satellite television signal was relayedlimits of signal degradation.
from Europe to the Telstar satellite over NorthThere are three primary types of satellite
America in 1962. The first geosynchronoustelevision usage namely reception direct by the
communication satellite, Syncom 2 was launched inviewer, reception by local television affiliates or
1963. The world's first commercial communicationreception by head ends for distribution across
satellite, called Early Bird, was launched intoterrestrial cable systems. Direct to the viewer
synchronous orbit on April 6, 1965.reception includes direct broadcast satellite or DBS
Satellites used for conveying television signals areand television receive-only or TVRO, both of
usually in an elliptical or geo-stationary orbit,which are used for homes and businesses including
37,000 km (22,300 miles) above the earth'shotels.
equator. Satellite television, just as any otherSatellite television system has revolutionized the
communication relayed by satellite, requires amedium of television and it's access to the
transmittal antenna located at an uplink facility.customer. In many parts of the world, satellite
A telecommunication system comprises of atelevision services supplement older terrestrial
transmitter, a medium and a channel imposedsignals, providing a wider range of channels and
upon the medium and a receiver. The transmitterservices, including subscription-only services.